The scientific concept of the permanent exhibition of the museum was developed in 1981-1984 by research workers O. Tretyakova, E. Khazin. Artists D. Gliva, G. Ivakin became the authors of the decoration of the exposition.
The permanent and temporary exhibitions of the Museum of Military Glory are located in five exhibition halls.
The first hall of the museum acquaints visitors with the heroic defense of Polotsk against the Nazi invaders (June 27 - July 16, 1941), as well as with the life of the city and its inhabitants during the Nazi occupation (July 1941 - July 1944). The exhibition of this hall holds documents, manuscripts on organizing the defense of Polotsk against Nazi invaders, photographs and personal belongings of those who defended the city, Polotsk patriotic underground and Polotsk residents - participants of the Battle of Moscow. The section on the occupation regime in Polotsk displays German documents and photographs of concentration camp prisoners. One of the most valuable exhibits is the dress of V.G. Zelenkevich with the number "700098".
The second hall of the museum is “Partisan movement in Polotchina”. The exhibition covers the organization and combat activities of partisan detachments and brigades of Polotsk region, the activities of partisan doctors. Here the visitor will learn about Polotsk-Lepel partisan zone, about the operation to rescue the children of Polotsk orphanage. The exhibition presents photographs, military documents, items of equipment, personal belongings, awards of the battle participants. A visitor can see the personal belongings of the legendary partisan commanders - M.S. Prudnikov, D.V. Tyabut, P.N. Kiselev and others.
The third hall tells about the "Bagration" offensive operation, that resulted in liberation of Belarus from German troops, as well as about Polotsk offensive operation as its component. From January 1, 2020, the third hall is closed due to repairs.
The fourth hall of the museum houses a temporary exhibition "Printing Front". At the exhibition you can get acquainted with the propaganda materials of the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany during the Second World War - wartime leaflets, posters and newspapers.
The fifth hall of the museum acquaints visitors with the temporary exhibition "For Courage and Heroism ... Awards of the Great Victory", dedicated to our fellow countrymen - officers and soldiers, workers of the Soviet rear and partisans, their feat of arms and labour during the war. The exhibition presents the awards of the residents of Polotsk: orders and medals, which give an idea of the Soviet award system during the Great Patriotic War. The exhibition is supplemented by documents, photographs, letters from the front, military ammunition, personal belongings. Most of the museum items are being displayed for the first time.
Every year, the Museum of Military Glory prepares temporary exhibitions for visitors, which complement and expand the understanding of the significant contribution of Polotsk residents to the Great Victory, reveal new pages of the past war. In the period 2010–2020, museum staff presented the temporary expositions of the museum: "Polochans - Holders of Military Orders", "Great Victory. Memory without a Statute of Limitations "," The Price of Occupation "," Mound of Immortality - 50 years in the History of Polotsk "," Heart is a Fiery Motor "," Polotsk Garrison - 100 years in the History of the Belarusian Army "," Polotsk 1944 "and other.